Fisher T. & Dusick A. (2014). Case Study: Caregiver Perception of Pediatric Multidisciplinary Feeding Outpatient Clinic. The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy, Vol. 2, Iss. 1 [2014], Art. 4.
This study explores the satisfaction of caregivers who attended a feeding clinic with a multidisciplinary team. Thirty-five participants participated and results indicated that most participants were satisfied with the clinic experience. However, there were areas of care not covered by the members of the feeding team, which indicates a need.
Segal I., Tirosh A., Sinai T., Alony S., Levi A., Korenfeld L., Zangen T., Mizrachi A., Boaz M., Levine A. Role Reversal Method for Treatment of Food Refusal Associated With Infantile Feeding Disorders. JPGN Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Publish Ahead of Print, DOI : 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000309.
Infantile feeding disorders (IFDs) are common causes of food refusal and failure to thrive. Authors published the Wolfson Criteria for IFD for the diagnosis of IFDs and now have also developed the Role Reversal treatment method for IFD. This study’s objective was to validate the Role Reversal treatment method on a cohort of 32 infants diagnosed with IFD, and present a description of this method. Results indicated that improved feeding occurred in 78%, full recovery was documented in 53% of infants by 6 months, and partial response in another 25%. All forms of pathological feeding improved significantly (mechanistic, nocturnal, persecutory, forced feeding and distraction). Conclusion: The Role Reversal treatment method is a simple and effective approach to treatment of food refusal associated with IFD.
Briere, C., McGrath, J., Xiaomei, R., & Cusson R. (2014 ) State of the Science: A Contemporary Review of Feeding Readiness in the Preterm Infant. J Perinat Neonat Nurs. Vol 28, Number 1, 51–58.
The purpose of this review is to identify research and practice guidelines related to oral feeding readiness in preterm infants that have occurred during the last decade. The introduction and mastery of oral feeding is a major developmental task for the preterm infant that is often a prerequisite for discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Having a better understanding of the evidence supporting the development of this skill will help the practicing nurse choose appropriate interventions and the researcher to develop trajectories of research that continue to increase our knowledge.
Mennella J. (2014) Ontogeny of taste preferences: basic biology and implications for health. Am J Clin Nutr, 1–8. AJCN. First published ahead of print January 22, 2014 as doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.067694.
This review highlights the science that shows that children naturally prefer higher levels of sweet and salty tastes and reject lower levels of bitter tastes than do adults. Sensory experiences, beginning early in life, can shape preferences. Mothers who consume diets rich in healthy foods can get children off to a good start because flavors are transmitted from the maternal diet to amniotic fluid and mother’s milk, and breastfed infants are more accepting of these flavors. In contrast, infants fed formula learn to prefer its unique flavor profile and may have more difficulty initially accepting flavors not found in formula, such as those of fruit and vegetables. Regardless of early feeding mode, infants can learn through repeated exposure and dietary variety if caregivers focus on the child’s willingness to consume a food and not just the facial expressions made during feeding. In addition, providing complementary foods low in salt and sugars may help protect the developing child from excess intake later in life. Early-life experiences with healthy tastes and flavors may go a long way toward promoting healthy eating, which could have a significant impact in addressing the many chronic illnesses associated with poor food choice.
Neu M, Schmiege SJ, Pan Z, Fehringer K, Workman R, Marcheggiani-Howard C, Furuta GT. (2014) Interactions During Feeding with Mothers and Their Infants with Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux. J Altern Complement Med. Apr 17. [Epub ahead of print]
This study examined whether maternal-child interaction during feedings was suboptimal in dyads in which the infant had gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to compare massage therapy to a non-massage therapy sham treatment in improving the mother-child interaction in these dyads. The study showed that Mothers and infants with GERD experience significantly worse interactions than those without GERD. Massage given twice weekly by a professional trended toward improved interaction during feeding. Daily maternal administration of massage may have a positive effect on the relationship.
Park J, Thoyre S, Knafl GJ, Hodges EA, Nix WB. (2014). Efficacy of semielevated side-lying positioning during bottle-feeding of very preterm infants: a pilot study. J Perinat Neonatal Nurse. Jan-Mar;28(1):69-79. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000004.
Very preterm (VP, ≤30 wk gestational age) infants are at risk for impaired lung function, which significantly limits their ability to eat. A semielevated side-lying (ESL) position is a feeding strategy that may improve oral feeding by supporting breathing during feeding. The study evaluated the efficacy of the ESL position compared with the semielevated supine (ESU) position on physiological stability and feeding performance of bottle-fed VP infants. Very preterm infants fed in the ESL position demonstrated significantly less variation in heart rate, less severe and fewer decreases in heart rate, respiratory rate that was closer to the prefeeding state, shorter and more regular intervals between breaths, and briefer feeding-related apneic events. No significant differences for SaO2 or feeding performance were found. The findings indicate that the ESL position may support better regulation of breathing during feeding, thereby allowing VP infants to better maintain physiological stability throughout feeding.
Seubert C, Fryling MJ, Wallace MD, Jiminez AR, Meier AE. (2014) Antecedent interventions for pediatric feeding problems. J Appl Behav Anal. Apr 17. doi: 10.1002/jaba.117. [Epub ahead of print]
Behavior analysts have implemented and evaluated several antecedent strategies for treating pediatric feeding problems. This review examines recent research in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (2000-2012) that evaluated antecedent interventions. We found that the feeding diagnosis (food refusal vs. food selectivity) and presence of feeding-related medical conditions were related to the differential implementation of antecedent interventions.
Brown J, Kim C, Lim A, Brown S, Desai H, Volker L, Katz M. (2014). Successful Gastrostomy Tube Weaning Program Using An Intensive Multidisciplinary Team Approach. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. Feb 5. [Epub ahead of print]
The current study evaluated the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary intensive inpatient model for gastrostomy tube (GT) weaning. Results indicated that prior to admission, patients received 69% (±25) of goal calories by GT and 22% (±19) of goal calories orally. During admit, average caloric intake by mouth as a percentage of goal increased over the course of weeks 1, 2, and 3 (68%, 77%, and 82% respectively), with a statistically significant increase between weeks 1 and 2 (p = .001), and 1 and 3 (p = .011). At discharge, 90% had discontinued GT feedings. Average percent weight change during admission was 0.2% (±4). At one year follow-up, 83% remained successfully off GT feedings. Authors concluded that children who are GT dependent can be weaned off GT feedings during a three week admission using a multidisciplinary feeding model. The therapeutic gains were maintained at one year post discharge.
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